sqlite3: Vendor import of sqlite3 3.46.0

Release notes at https://www.sqlite.org/releaselog/3_46_0.html.

Obtained from: https://www.sqlite.org/2024/sqlite-autoconf-3460000.tar.gz

Merge commit '259d29fd8c012d4392fa59ff803b691ead5b304d' into main

(cherry picked from commit 0f996f45418e82dae151e5d1da478da38d70049f)