SCHEDULER_STOPPED(): Rely on a global variable

A commit from 2012 (5d7380f8e34f0083, r228424) introduced
'td_stopsched', on the ground that a global variable would cause all
CPUs to have a copy of it in their cache, and consequently of all other
variables sharing the same cache line.

This is really a problem only if that cache line sees relatively
frequent modifications. This was unlikely to be the case back then
because nearby variables are almost never modified as well. In any
case, today we have a new tool at our disposal to ensure that this
variable goes into a read-mostly section containing frequently-accessed
variables ('__read_frequently'). Most of the cache lines covering this
section are likely to always be in every CPU cache. This makes the
second reason stated in the commit message (ensuring the field is in the
same cache line as some lock-related fields, since these are accessed in
close proximity) moot, as well as the second order effect of requiring
an additional line to be present in the cache (the one containing the
new 'scheduler_stopped' boolean, see below).

From a pure logical point of view, whether the scheduler is stopped is
a global state and is certainly not a per-thread quality.

Consequently, remove 'td_stopsched', which immediately frees a byte in
'struct thread'. Currently, the latter's size (and layout) stays
unchanged, but some of the later re-orderings will probably benefit from
this removal. Available bytes at the original position for
'td_stopsched' have been made explicit with the addition of the
'_td_pad0' member.

Store the global state in the new 'scheduler_stopped' boolean, which is
annotated with '__read_frequently'.

Replace uses of SCHEDULER_STOPPED_TD() with SCHEDULER_STOPPER() and
remove the former as it is now unnecessary.

Reviewed by: markj, kib
Approved by: markj (mentor)
MFC after: 2 weeks
Sponsored by: The FreeBSD Foundation
Differential Revision: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D43572