sqlite3: Vendor import of sqlite3 3.45.0

Release notes at https://www.sqlite.org/releaselog/3_45_0.html

Obtained from: https://www.sqlite.org/2024/sqlite-autoconf-3450000.tar.gz

Merge commit 'cdad538768db9e2c8258d19e9282fb5aaae80e46'

(cherry picked from commit c19fb1f963e3dc88a82b20d1b17f94a4cd321e74)