databases/sqlite3: Update to 3.40.1

ChangeLog: https://www.sqlite.org/releaselog/3_40_1.html

• Fix the --safe command-line option to the CLI such that it correctly disallows the use of SQL functions like writefile() that can cause harmful side-effects.
• Fix a potential infinite loop in the memsys5 alternative memory allocator. This bug was introduced by a performance optimization in version 3.39.0.
• Various other obscure fixes.

PR: 268762
Reported by: pavelivolkov@gmail.com (maintainer)
MFH: 2023Q1 (bugfix release)

(cherry picked from commit 6b1d30b18d6a1538fd06b9ae5a422f9fe407c9eb)