The script in configure.ac that detects if the fmt argument is const char * or just char * fails to detect it when compiled with Clang and _FORTIFY_SOURCE=2.
As a temporary workaround, run the configure script --without-hardening to correctly detect it.
Note that this does not disable any source fortification when building OpenSSH, it is done just so it generates a valid conf.h header (#define SNPRINTF_CONST const).
An upstream problem report has been filed reporting this issue.
Upstream PR: https://bugzilla.mindrot.org/show_bug.cgi?id=3809